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日股創32年新高,它是如何火出圈的?

Vantage 更新 Updated Thu, 2023 June 1 03:03
日股創32年新高,它是如何火出圈的?

隨著北半球夏季的來臨,近期的日本股市也如同連日攀升的氣溫一樣火熱,日經225指數5月底一度站上了32年以來新高。這跟巴菲特帶火的“日特估”有很大關系。“日特估”主要是指以日本五大商社為代表的被低估、但有高分紅且正改革治理能力的日本上市公司。

日經225指數創下32年以來新高

巴菲特4月訪問日本時表示看好日股,並考慮加碼對日本五大商社以及其他日股的投資。“股神”表態後,五大商社股價飙升,對沖基金Point72、Citadel、黑石、KKR等華爾街大鳄也相繼造訪日本。4月份日股外資流入達到了創紀錄的水平。外國投資者一直以來都是日股最大的投資主體,在某種程度上可以說,外資決定了日股走勢。

外資在很大程度上絕對了日股走勢

外資之所以大幅買入日本股票,除了股神“帶貨”的影響外,今年日本政府對疫情管控的放松,也將疫情後複蘇的相關紅利反映到了2023年的經濟當中。這部分紅利的主要體現之一也反映在入境日本的外國遊客人數。日本政府公布的入境外國遊客數據顯示,目前已經恢複至2019年同期的7成左右的程度,其中來自中國大陸的觀光人數目前還占比有限,未來或成為新的增長點。

外國人入境日本人數統計

從經濟數據來看,扣除物價變動因素後,2023年一季度日本實際國內生産總值(GDP)環比增長0.4%,折算成年率為增長1.6%,高于市場預期的0.8%,時隔三個季度後再次實現正增長。這主要得益于此前由于新冠疫情而受限的經濟活動重啓,居民外出就餐和旅遊等服務需求保持堅挺。此外,日本政府出台高物價對策、工資漲幅提高、入境需求擴大等也一定程度助推了個人消費。在實際GDP中,個人消費比上一季度增長0.6%,設備投資增長0.9%,均為經濟正增長作出了貢獻。經濟的複蘇迹象也使得市場的信心逐步回歸日本股市。

長期以來日本企業重視確保市場份額以及積累現金,反而相對輕視面向股東的回饋,導致日本股市估值整體長期處于低位。為了改善這一現狀,東京證券交易所在今年3月底出台了一項新規定“對于PBR(股價淨值比)長期低于1倍以下的上市企業,要求其公布具體的改善計劃”。受該政策的影響,今後日本的上市企業在邊際上或更加重視資本的有效利用以及對股東的回饋,受到了外國投資者的青睐,帶來資金的流入。

此外,日本企業增加派息和股票回購,使得日本市場提供的總回報較其他發達市場更具吸引力。且日本股市相對來說泡沫較少,因此目前日經指數的30000點可能在中長期來看還不是最終頂部,未來預計仍具備一定的上升潛力。

2023年06月01日 許曦揚

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